Surely you already know what stepper motor is, you probably have heard about them hundreds of times and you probably already own one. And no doubt if you have built a 3D printer you own a few.
Anyway, i will start from the very beginning.
- Why do i want to use a stepper motor?
Those are the means that will allow you to have precision and control of movement.
That is the main reason that robots, precision machines or 3D printers use them. Stepper motors are present in most of the robotics projects.
With stepper motors you can obtain a precise control over the movement using an Arduino or a PC. You can also instruct the machine to move exactly a number of centimeters.
Lets understand how do they move so we can take advantage of their capabilities.
Vamos a ver cómo funcionan para que podamos aprovechar mejor sus ventajas.
What is inside of a stepper motor
Stepper motors are composed of two parts.
The first part is the Stator (very cool word which i love and i had to throw in here!).
The stator is where the stator coils are hosted, and it is the static part. It has notches on top which will be magnetized when the current flows over the coils.
The rotor is obviously the part that rotates, and it is formed by magnets which alternate between the north and south poles. There are as many magnets as notches at the stator.
The basic idea is that when the coils get magnetized, the magnets will be attracted by the notches.
Here are a few screen captures of a very detailed and well done video where the full inside process is perfectly explained.
When the coil is magnetized in the north pole direction, the south pole magnetized teeth of the stator will get attracted, therefore the motor will be fixed firmly in its position.
When the coil is magnetized to the south pole, the magnetized teeth oriented in the south of the stator will repel, therefore the motor will turn a step. (23hs41-1804s,23hs45-3504s)
You can find a video here where this guy explains very well using the animation where the screen captures are from.
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